The main news on the Ground in the eighteenth century the Italian must Pericles Maruzzi 1 , Eques a Baculis Tribus, who collected valuable documents such as the Code of Masonic Lodges and ground together in France, and manuscripts penned by the hand of Willermoz. In the short chapter on the ground lodges in the Veneto (pp. 103-107), reports that Maruzzi Eques Ceraso, that Baron von Waechter, settled the Prefecture of 'Verona' January 17, 1778 2. In
pie 'list of 1778 of the Lodge of the next Love Padua Venetian four members are: the Marquis Michael Sessa, a lawyer Antonio Gini, Major Dominic Gasperoni, all teachers, learning Matteo Dandolo.
The prefecture of 'Verona', initially composed by the gallery of the next Love and True friends, gave license to the Fidelity Charitable Corfu and Venice in 1780 3, when the prefecture of 'Verona' entered into the Ground (MSO, p. 161).
is likely that the fidelity of Venice has been set up by Michael Sessa, a member of the Prefecture of "Verona" with Eques title to Michael Leone and Novice Master 4. Five years after the founding, in 1785, the Fidelity and the other lodges were closed ground: Maruzzi it shall inform in a lapidary. The story of the Ground in Italy in the eighteenth century, and especially in Veneto, stop here.
History has, however, a result of extreme interest, although still buried. In the third issue of 1988 dell'Hiram Rossi Osmida give notice of a document, which he personally purchased from the antiquarian bookshop 'Concari Zalosba "in Ljubljana, from a police officer in the Austrian force in Venice in 1860.
This is a minute of chancery of May 7, 1785 for an inventory of objects found during a forced closing of a Lodge in Venice, and the list of those present: "The document, written in the traditional chancery handwriting of the late eighteenth century, has two sides: the first is dedicated to the inventory of objects found, requirements and "burnt", the second has a list of 36 affiliates that shows the presence of 10 to 26 near the Venetian patrician bourgeois 5. The story ends with a pile of furniture and the final closing of the Lodge.
Osmida Rossi, after describing the interesting profile of some of the affiliates patricians, probably come to hasty conclusions, "as regards the list of objects, is already possible to see a link of this lodge is the alchemical work (the ship, the camphor, the crown) and, more importantly, with Egyptian Rite "(ibid.). Surely Osmida
Rossi, who had recently opened a room of the Rite of Memphis and Misraim in Venice, came to its conclusion seduced by "a three-sided pyramid with fiammole painted hieroglyphics and varje 'described in the inventory of 1785.
However, the pyramid is the only object "Egyptian" among others seized, while all the other items listed on the inventory sound familiar to anyone who has a bit 'of familiarity with the system ground. First
should mention the 'squares'. On first, which is responsible for the opening, had transcribed the motto "Adhuc stat 'uniform that distinguishes the first instance of the scheme. The inventory adds that there was shown a "piece of column." In the inventory drawn up in May of 1785 is also remembered another picture depicting a team and the motto "dirigit oblique", the currency of second-degree ground. Beyond these squares is mentioned a mirror on which was written "if you have a real desire, if you have courage and intelligence, pull this curtain, and learn to know each other" (to the left a drawing attributed to a lodge of the "Rio Marin," but Loyalty to report to the Venetian, in which within the frame of a mirror is written the phrase also appear in the inventory).
A third picture of himself that he made a show in the Venetian loggia depicted a ship in a storm, accompanied by the motto "silent & special Fortitudo mea," divided the degree of master in the system ground. The pyramid and triangular-square-Osmida that Rossi has raised suggestions of Egyptian rituals, perhaps was accompanied by the 'Table of tin with the phrase "alien places,'" another symbol of the third degree. This triangular pyramid was carved "tria formant." (Left a drawing attributed to a Lodge of the "Rio Marin," but most likely kidnapped loyalty to the lodge, with the mottos of "darkness eam non comprehenderunt" and "alien places).
Just to dwell on these objects to realize that the inventory of 1785 lists precisely all the necessary furniture in a Lodge to work the ritual ground. Rossi has run Osmida focused on the best-known figures such as Alvise Mocenigo, Alvise Querini or, or the brother of Pindemonte.
But the final proof that the lodge was surprised by the guards the Venetian Loggia Loyalty obedience of the Prefecture of 'Verona' gives us the name of "Reverend" Michael Sessa, known as Michael Eques a Leone (that is, "Michele Venetian" ) and master of novices, a task that was able to perform very well if the Faithful, when she was surprised busy with his work, counted on thirty-six Brothers present.
And the second mentioned in the inventory of 1785 is the largest Domenico Gasperoni, the second of the Venetians in the pie 'list of the next Love of Padua, immediately after Michael Sessa. It is difficult to draw conclusions. The Venetians and Gasperoni Sessa, one of the founders of the Prefecture of 'Verona' in 1778, founded Fidelity in 1780 (see Note 3) East of Venice, and develop it since when do not incur in the repression of May 1785.
The inventory would only confirm what I wrote definitely Maruzzi: the closure of at least one of the lodges ground, and as a result of an unfortunate affair. But it is precisely because of this sudden "death" that we can get an idea of \u200b\u200bthe principles of ground and saw the episode that involved the loggia in the same year that Fidelity was to be no meeting, 1785, the printer Leonardo Bassaglia published an anonymous book of 95 pages and accompanied by engravings, entitled
Institution
rites ceremonies of the Order of 'Ossian
MACONS Francs-Masons
Colla
description and drawing of copper in their Lodge
And with a precise
detail of their disastrous adventures
Already the colophon, alluding to the "disastrous adventures," presents itself as an "instant book, "a book designed just due to the closure of the faithfulness and the stake of its furnishings and vestments.
The allusion is stated at the opening of the first chapter:
"Whatever shocking event has the right to excite much curiosity in the audience understand the details of your circumstances, how to make everyone speak freely as they like more. Just so you know that he's a fresh catastrophe happened to the Lodge of Francs-MACONS, which I have not had much stability in these our Adriatic regions, would be warranted because the uniform of the time compile all the news, which may serve to meet the genius of 'curious ... "
(Emphasis added, author's note)
The reader is warned that without even mentioning it speaks of the Faithful, founded in 1780 and closed due to striking an episode five years later, and the fire that was certainly widely reported over the lagoon. Further confirmation comes from the Planet of the authorities responsible for licensing of the press, given the 25 and 27 May. So the booklet has been prepared in less than a month after "fatal catastrophe."
The text is written with skill, most likely by a member of Fidelity Lodge, or else by a Brother who under the guise of wanting to expose the alleged misdeeds of Freemasonry, actually defends the principles and disseminates them with ardor.
Besides the opinion of the "reform of the University of Padua," which depended on the Planet for the prints is signed among others by Francesco Morosini and Girolamo Ascanio Giustiniani (Inst., p. 95), and in 'Loyalty Offin were present during the raid and seizure Alvise Morosini e. .. Girolamo Giustiniani (see inventory).
If it is not one of the same name, and Girolamo Giustiniani is the same person not only becomes understandable placet, but we will reasonably assume that the author of the homonymous brochure will be just him. Certainly an aspect to be explored.
Whoever was the author, the brochure opens his apparent diatribe against Freemasonry with a eulogy of his principles. First, the tolerance
The Order of 'Francs-MACONS ... brings together the same hill and saw a large number of people without the diversity of character, inclination, or religion will bring you any obstacle.
(Emphasis added, nda)
The reference to the first point of the Constitutions andersoniane is quite clear: ".. Masonry becomes the Center of Union, and the Means of conciliating true friendship among persons who would have remained at a perpetual Distance. " But the praise gives way to the open apology:
not Havva the second partial of this society, among all companies in the world, this union of the sweetest, wisest, most beneficial, and at the same time the most specious and singular. Joined together by the sweet name of brothers ...
(Inst., p. 4. Emphasis added, nda)
And the charges? As usual, the oldest is directed against the secrecy of the Order, and it serves to conceal the conspiracy. Our author rejects forcefully:
The great secret that look carefully at what they do in their meetings ... did not fail to conceive of truth for 'suspicious svantaggiosissimi for these meetings, almost as if it were to fear that ... under an inviolable seal of secrecy, could prevent the establishment for adventure, and muddy the tranquility of the state. Ma .. Take pride because Socj impressed on my heart the love of their order and peace in their school grounds that ... What can you learn from, what submission, and what you worship Debbas for Religion, on the principle, and for the Government.
(Inst., ibid)
So what would be ridiculous to suppose that in their lodges could take place on business or religion or the Principality ... (Inst., ibid)
And with that our passionate apologist repel the charges, certainly echoed around the streets of Venice, and while states with force on the second paragraph of the Constitutions andersoniane, and make it his own: "A Mason is a peaceable Subject to the civil power ... so they (the Freemasons, nda) responded to virtually crackles of their opponents, and promoted the honor of their brotherhood, that always flourished in times of peace. "
purpose of Freemasonry is also clear: the rebuilding of the Temple of Solomon, which should not be understood literally, but as "an allegorical work that represents a change of heart" (Inst., p. 5). To avoid Interpret literal, common in the Masonic world today, our author emphasizes the cause of "reform": "the destruction of the Temple is not that the fall of man the first was happy. " This underscores the allegory of the "Temple of Man" evokes the memory of de Maistre to the Duke of Brunswick (1782), which advocates of the third degree about the allegorical interpretation, and especially his conception of Freemasonry as "Science de l ' homme par excellence ' 6.
But the theme is typical of the Rectified Rite, and he remembered Faivre, "The Rite Car écossaise RECTIF réactualize the Temple ... The maçon s'agit pour le Temple de reconstruite primitif, d'avant la chute, pour y faire entrer de nouveaux pour que Dieu et les hommes eux-memes comme des piussent y Retourner anfants prodigues, entraînant la nature entière dans cette Assomption " 7.
it continues along the allegorical axiom of our Adjusted author of Institutions:
The Temple of Solomon, and magnificence of his works, his fall and its ruins, and restoring its splendor, not included in this last explanation if you do not format the human heart by God himself, filled with the richest gifts, and given its nature, but then totally corrupted by the violence of passion. He wanted, that the Heart deplorable, yet preserving its degradation features of past greatness, she should ask What the all-perfect, what had once ... In this respect they are no longer Free Mason to appear engaged in purely worldly edifices and land ... Freemasons are lucky that people ... to dissolve the human heart from the shackles of slavery so shameful ... and draw in the first world beautiful innocence.
(Inst., p. 10)
So our author first compares the destruction of the temple to the fall of man, "the destruction of the Temple is not the first since the fall of man was happy," and finally the reconstruction of the temple to the restoration of the "first good innocence of the heart, even strictly following the terms of the Rule of Wilhelmsbad. In the Rule Masonic
Wilhelmsbad approved in 1782 to the fall in the second article is condensed in accorate esclamazioni: "Man! King of the world ... Be degraded! in spite of your original grandeur ... "e infine, nel nono e ultimo articolo, nella prospettiva delle reintegrazione:" O my brother! ... you recover the divine likeness, that was the lot of man in his state of innocence " 8. It
grado di Sant'Andrea di Scozzese ammonisce: "You see here the ruins of this famous temple that Solomon had erected in Jerusalem ... The Temple was destroyed ... " 9.
Il nostro autore, con calore tratteggiati Principle E dell'Ordine finished, ovvero del Regime Rettificato if sofferma su due mezzi, with a moderate advance on the watchwords of the French Revolution, that freedom and equality:
regard to freedom and equality which are the features that are valuable attributes the company ... have the effect of marvelous assemble in the same sect's partisans qualsisi another company, making a wonderful and universal bond that unites all without prejudice to any ... The first does bother me and hurt disappear every idea of \u200b\u200bsuperiority ... The second then that peace produces delicious, so sweet that confidence ... incompatible coll'avarizia ... Cotesta independence ... is nothing but the restoration of that age called the Age Poets Gold ... This era that happy time, in which the heart free from every passion I did not know until the simplest movements ... and where men and equal subjects of the only laws of nature did not admit that those other distinctions, to which this wise mother had placed between them, like a father to a son ...
(Inst., p. 13)
Again, though the author attributes to "Cromwell" the establishment of Freemasonry and its principles, the model is the rule of Wilhelmsbad "fidèle au voeu de la nature, here the fut Equality, the Macon rétablit dans ses temples originaires the droit de la famille humaine "(VIII, I). A
Rectified Regime seal our author wished, next to the title page, an 'incision (left) summarizes the' souls' grades: Adhuc stat, Dirigit oblique, In silentio, et spe our Fortitudo. And the five animals, which are shown only to those who have a "distinct taste PEL Order System ', namely' or Scottish Architects' (Ist, p. 81).
institutions rites and ceremonies ... So, the brochure printed in 1785, have resulted from the "fatal catastrophe" occurred at the Venetian Loggia loyalty, belonging to the Prefecture of corrected "Verona," and was written with the clear objective to deliver his legacy for posterity: to deliver the principles and fundamentals of the system Rectified Scottish men of "heart". Thanks
inventory and institutions we therefore have valuable elements to study and investigate the role in the reform amended, and continue the work of Pericles Maruzzi.
But first we have the onerous task and at the same time grateful to revive the legacy that Fidelity has given us. It, with its ups and downs similar to the Temple of Solomon, the building, its beauty, its ruins, his testimony and his legacy, is the heart of our broken column: the allegory that should nourish the rebuilding of the temple man.
Perit ut Vivat
1. Maruzzi consult the Archives of the Lodge de Bourgogne Zurich Modesty cum Liberty, and publish news and documents about the Freemasons in Turin in sec. XVIII, reprinted in 1990 under the title The Strict Observance and the Rectified Scottish Regime in Italy in the eighteenth century (henceforth "MSO").
2. The chapter of Verona was made up of twelve children. See Matricula Specialis Magni Priorat: Italiae. Capitulo: Prioratus des von Italien, and Balley Dritte, die Lombardische genannt, in "Archives de Bourgogne ', ADB, at the Modesty cum libertate Zurich (MSO, pp. 302-04).
3. See MSO, p. 162, da Allgemeines Handbuch der Freimaurerei, Leipzig, 1863-79, 385 I3 a.
4. Cf. Tables + Prefectural Verona senate in Paoua, in AdB (MSO, p. 162 e p. 316)
5. Gabriele Rossi-Osmida, Venezia maggio 1785, in "Hiram", n. 3 marzo 1988. p. 82.
6. Joseph de Maistre, Freemasonry. Memory to the Duke of Brunswick, L'Harmattan, 1993, p. 69.
7. Antoine Faivre, Access to Western Esotericism, cit. in John Ursin, Creation and history of the Rectified Scottish Rite, Dervy 1994, p. 177.
8. Rule for the use of Masonic Lodges met and approved the corrected Convent of Wilhelmsbad Général en 5782, Art. II, Jean Tourniac, Principes et problèmes du Rite Spirituels écossaise RECTIF et de sa chevalerie Templar Dervy 1969, p. 274 ff ..
9. Hugues d'Aumont, Templiers & Chevalerie spirituelle des hauts grades maçonniques, Trédaniel 1996, p. 66.
[Maurizio Nicosia, from http://www.zen-it.com ]
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